DoS / DDoS attacks are attempts to make a system, website, or network unavailable by overwhelming it with traffic or requests.
DoS: Single source floods the target
DDoS: Multiple compromised systems attack together
Goal: Disrupt normal service, crash servers, or slow down response
Flooding with excessive traffic (HTTP, ICMP, UDP)
Exploiting server vulnerabilities
Firewalls and intrusion detection systems
Rate limiting & traffic filtering
Anti-DDoS services (Cloudflare, AWS Shield)
Network redundancy and load balancing
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