Biology
Cardiac Output
Calculate the volume of blood pumped per minute.
Cardiac Output = Heart Rate × Stroke Volume
Formula Explanation
Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by one ventricle per minute.
Variables Explained
Heart rate = Beats per minute; Stroke volume = Blood pumped per beat.
Solved Example
Heart rate is 70 beats/min and stroke volume is 70 mL/beat.
Cardiac output = 70 × 70 = 4,900 mL/min = 4.9 L/min.