Stack – LIFO Data Structure
📘 Data Structure and Algorithm
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📅 Nov 05, 2025
⏱ Estimated reading time: 1 min
Stack – LIFO Data Structure
A stack is a linear data structure that follows the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) principle. The last element added is the first one removed.
Basic Operations
- Push: Insert an element at the top of the stack.
- Pop: Remove the top element.
- Peek/Top: View the top element without removing it.
- isEmpty: Check if the stack is empty.
Implementation (C++)
stack<int> s; s.push(10); s.push(20); s.pop(); cout << s.top();
Applications
- Expression evaluation (prefix, infix, postfix).
- Undo/Redo functionality.
- Function call management (recursion).
- Backtracking algorithms.
Advantages
- Simple and efficient for LIFO operations.
- Used in memory management and compiler parsing.
Disadvantages
- Limited access – only top element can be accessed.
Conclusion
Stacks are vital for managing function calls, recursion, and temporary data. They are one of the most frequently used structures in both programming and system design.
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