Physics

Force and Momentum

Relate force to rate of change of momentum.

F = dp / dt

Formula Explanation

Newton’s second law can also be written in terms of momentum.

Variables Explained

F = force; p = momentum; t = time.

Solved Example

Momentum changes by 20 kg m/s in 4 s. Find force.
F = 20 / 4 = 5 N.

Exam Tip

This form is useful when mass is not constant.