Answer: C

7. Which protocol is used for secure web communication?

A. HTTP
B. FTP
C. HTTPS
D. SMTP

Answer: C

8. HTTPS primarily uses which security protocol?

A. FTP
B. TLS
C. DNS
D. DHCP

Answer: B

9. URL stands for:

A. Uniform Resource Locator
B. Universal Routing Link
C. Uniform Routing Language
D. Universal Resource Link

Answer: A

10. Which runs primarily in a web browser?

A. Client-side JavaScript
B. SQL Server
C. Server-side PHP
D. Database engine

Answer: A

Theory of Computation

11. A finite set of symbols is called:

A. String
B. Alphabet
C. Language
D. Grammar

Answer: B

12. Which symbol commonly represents the empty string?

A. Ø
B. ε
C. ∞
D. λ²

Answer: B

13. The length of the empty string is:

A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. Undefined

Answer: A

14. A language is a:

A. Set of strings
B. Set of machines only
C. Single character
D. Programming language only

Answer: A

15. DFA stands for:

A. Deterministic Finite Automaton
B. Digital Finite Algorithm
C. Data Flow Automaton
D. Deterministic Formal Algorithm

Answer: A

16. In a DFA, for each state and input symbol there is:

A. Exactly one transition
B. At least two transitions
C. No transition
D. Infinite transitions

Answer: A

17. DFA and NFA have:

A. Different computational power for regular languages
B. The same computational power for regular languages
C. No relationship
D. Different alphabets

Answer: B

18. Regular expressions describe:

A. Regular languages
B. Context-sensitive languages only
C. Hardware
D. Databases

Answer: A

19. What does a* represent?

A. Only a
B. Zero or more occurrences of a
C. Exactly two as
D. One or more bs

Answer: B

20. Which automaton contains a stack?

A. DFA
B. NFA
C. PDA
D. Finite State Machine only

Answer: C

21. PDA is associated with:

A. Regular languages
B. Context-free languages
C. Only finite languages
D. Machine code

Answer: B

22. CFG stands for:

A. Context-Free Grammar
B. Computer Formal Grammar
C. Context-Finite Graph
D. Computer Function Grammar

Answer: A

23. Which is more powerful than a finite automaton?

A. Turing Machine
B. Simple switch
C. HTML
D. CSS

Answer: A

24. A standard Turing Machine uses:

A. A tape and read/write head
B. Only a stack
C. Only registers
D. Only a database

Answer: A

25. Which is the most general computational model among these?

A. DFA
B. PDA
C. Turing Machine
D. Regular Expression

Answer: C

E-Commerce

26. E-Commerce means:

A. Electronic Commerce
B. Electronic Communication
C. Economic Commerce
D. External Commerce

Answer: A

27. B2C stands for:

A. Business to Consumer
B. Business to Company
C. Buyer to Consumer
D. Business to Customer Service

Answer: A

28. B2B stands for:

A. Business to Business
B. Buyer to Business
C. Business to Buyer
D. Bank to Business

Answer: A

29. C2C represents:

A. Company to Company
B. Consumer to Consumer
C. Consumer to Company
D. Customer to Corporation

Answer: B

30. Which is an advantage of E-Commerce?

A. 24×7 availability
B. Mandatory physical presence
C. No security risk
D. No Internet required

Answer: A

31. Which is a major E-Commerce security concern?

A. Fraud
B. Font size
C. Screen resolution
D. Keyboard layout

Answer: A

32. Which technology helps protect data transmitted through HTTPS?

A. TLS
B. HTML
C. FTP
D. DNS

Answer: A

33. Authentication is used to:

A. Verify identity
B. Compress data
C. Increase screen resolution
D. Route packets

Answer: A

34. Authorization determines:

A. Whether an authenticated user is allowed to perform an action
B. User's IP address only
C. Network speed
D. File size

Answer: A

35. Digital signatures help provide:

A. Authentication and integrity
B. Data compression only
C. Faster Internet
D. Video streaming

Answer: A

Multimedia

36. Multimedia combines:

A. Only text
B. Multiple forms of media
C. Only audio
D. Only video

Answer: B

37. Which is NOT normally considered a multimedia component?

A. Text
B. Audio
C. Video
D. CPU register

Answer: D

38. JPEG is primarily an:

A. Image format
B. Audio format
C. Video codec
D. Programming language

Answer: A

39. MP3 is primarily associated with:

A. Images
B. Audio
C. Text
D. Animation

Answer: B

40. SVG is primarily:

A. Vector graphics format
B. Audio format
C. Video format
D. Database format

Answer: A

41. Digital video is generally represented as:

A. Sequence of frames
B. Sequence of database tables
C. Text only
D. IP addresses

Answer: A

42. Animation creates the appearance of:

A. Movement
B. Encryption
C. Routing
D. Compilation

Answer: A

IoT

43. IoT stands for:

A. Internet of Technology
B. Internet of Things
C. Integration of Technology
D. Internet of Terminals

Answer: B

44. Which component commonly collects physical-world data in IoT?

A. Sensor
B. Compiler
C. Text editor
D. Printer only

Answer: A

45. Which is an IoT application?

A. Smart agriculture
B. Traditional calculator only
C. Offline text editor
D. Simple keyboard

Answer: A

46. Which is an IoT connectivity technology?

A. Wi-Fi
B. HTML
C. CSS
D. JPEG

Answer: A

47. IoT devices commonly generate:

A. Data
B. Only printed documents
C. Only HTML pages
D. Source code

Answer: A

48. Which is a major challenge of IoT?

A. Security
B. Font selection
C. Paragraph formatting
D. Keyboard shortcuts

Answer: A

49. Edge computing means:

A. Processing data closer to where it is generated
B. Printing data at the edge
C. Deleting all cloud systems
D. Increasing monitor size

Answer: A

50. A smart temperature sensor is an example of:

A. IoT device
B. Compiler
C. Database table
D. Web browser

Answer: A

51. Which IoT application is related to healthcare?

A. Remote patient monitoring
B. Word processing
C. Video editing only
D. Spreadsheet formatting

Answer: A

Artificial Intelligence

52. AI stands for:

A. Automated Internet
B. Artificial Intelligence
C. Advanced Integration
D. Artificial Internet

Answer: B

53. Machine Learning is a:

A. Subfield of AI
B. Type of hardware
C. Network cable
D. Database language

Answer: A

54. Supervised learning uses:

A. Labeled data
B. No data
C. Only random data
D. Hardware signals only

Answer: A

55. Unsupervised learning generally uses:

A. Unlabeled data
B. Only labeled data
C. No data
D. Only images

Answer: A

56. Which is a supervised learning task?

A. Classification
B. Clustering
C. Association only
D. Random generation

Answer: A

57. Predicting house prices is generally an example of:

A. Regression
B. Classification
C. Clustering
D. Reinforcement only

Answer: A

58. Grouping customers based on similarities is:

A. Classification
B. Clustering
C. Regression
D. Compilation

Answer: B

59. Reinforcement learning uses:

A. Rewards and penalties
B. Only labeled tables
C. HTML tags
D. Database normalization

Answer: A

60. Deep Learning is a subset of:

A. Machine Learning
B. HTML
C. Networking
D. Operating Systems

Answer: A

61. NLP stands for:

A. Natural Language Processing
B. Network Language Protocol
C. Natural Logic Program
D. Network Learning Process

Answer: A

62. Which is an NLP application?

A. Machine translation
B. Disk formatting
C. CPU manufacturing
D. Network cabling

Answer: A

63. Computer Vision deals primarily with:

A. Understanding visual information
B. Managing databases
C. Routing packets
D. Writing HTML

Answer: A

64. Face recognition is an application of:

A. Computer Vision
B. Operating Systems
C. DNS
D. File systems

Answer: A

65. An artificial neural network commonly contains:

A. Input, hidden and output layers
B. Only input layer
C. Only output layer
D. No layers

Answer: A

66. An expert system generally contains:

A. Knowledge Base and Inference Engine
B. Compiler and linker
C. Router and switch
D. HTML and CSS

Answer: A

67. Which sequence is correct?

A. AI → ML → Deep Learning
B. ML → AI → HTML
C. Deep Learning → HTML → AI
D. AI → HTML → ML

Answer: A

68. Which is an AI application?

A. Recommendation system
B. Keyboard cable
C. Computer cabinet
D. Printer cartridge

Answer: A

69. Spam email detection can be treated as:

A. Classification
B. Regression only
C. Clustering only
D. Compilation

Answer: A

70. An AI system designed to provide recommendations is commonly called a:

A. Recommendation system
B. Compiler
C. Router
D. File system

Answer: A