Top Python Interview Questions and Answer

Python is a widely-used general-purpose, high-level programming language. It was created by Guido van Rossum in 1991 and further developed by the Python Software Foundation. It was designed with an emphasis on code readability, and its syntax allows programmers to express their concepts in fewer lines of code.
It is used for:

• System Scripting
• Web Development
• Game Development
• Software Development
• Complex Mathematics

Here are the advantages of Python over other languages.

• Presence of Third Party Modules
• Extensive Support Libraries
• Open Source and Community Development
• Learning Ease and Support Available
• User-friendly Data Structures
• Productivity and Speed

Python is a general-purpose programming language created by Guido Van Rossum in 1991.

Python is a strongly-typed language (since the interpreter keeps track of all the variables and their type) and a dynamically-typed language (since the type of the variables is checked at runtime by the Python interpreter).

It supports many programming paradigms and in particular procedural and object-oriented programming.

PEP 8 is defined as a coding convention, that gives a set of recommendation, about how to write your Python code more readable.

A tuple is a sequence of immutable Python objects.

A tuple in Python is similar to a list. The difference between the two is that we cannot change the elements of a tuple once it is assigned whereas we can change the elements of a list.

Tuples are used to store multiple items in a single variable.

A tuple is a collection which is ordered and unchangeable.

Tuple items are ordered, unchangeable, and allow duplicate values.

Steps in managing memory in Python are -

• The Python memory is primarily managed by Python private heap space. 
• All Python objects and data structures are located in a private heap. 
• The programmer does not have access to this private heap and interpreter takes care of this Python private heap. 
• The allocation of Python heap space for Python objects is done by Python memory manager. 
• The core API gives access to some tools for the programmer to code. 
• Python has an inbuilt garbage collector, that recycles all the unused memory and frees the memory and makes it available to the heap space.

A namespace is a method of organizing and referencing objects in Python.

Put simply, when you create an object in Python, both the object's name and the location where the function is created are saved. The namespace is what maintains and saves that information, or deletes it when no longer needed.

There are 4 types of namespace in Python:

1. Built-in
2. Global
3. Enclosing, and
4. Local

Lists are used to store multiple items in a single variable.

a list is created by placing all the items (elements) inside square brackets [], separated by commas.

List store different types of data such as (integer, float, string etc.).

Lists are mutable, meaning their elements can be changed unlike string or tuple.

 

Example :

# empty list
my_list = []

# list of integers
my_list = [1, 2, 3]

# list with mixed data types
my_list = [1, "Sana", 3.14]

List:

• Lists are enclosed with in square []
• Lists are mutable, that is their elements and size can be changed.
• Lists are slower than tuples.
• Example: [‘A’, 1, ‘i’]

Tuple:

• Tuples are enclosed in parentheses ()
• Tuples are immutable i.e cannot be edited.
• Tuples are faster than lists.
• Tuples must be used when the order of the elements of a sequence matters.
• Example: (‘Twenty’, 20, ‘XX’)

It is used to Jump out of the loop.

Literals are simply notations for a fixed value in code. These can be:

• Strings
• Numeric
• Boolean
• Special literal = none
• Collections = List, Tuple, Set, Dict

Python keywords are special reserved words that have specific meanings and purposes and can’t be used for anything but those specific purposes. These keywords are always available—you’ll never have to import them into your code.

 

There are currently 33 keywords in the current iteration of Python:

• and
• or
• not
• if
• elif
• else
• for
• while
• break
• finally
• from
• global
• import
• in
• as
• def
• lambda
• pass
• return
• true
• false
• try
• with
• assert
• class
• continue
• del
• except
• is
• none
• nonlocal
• raise
• yield

Modules are Python files (.py) that contain Python code and functions, which can be imported into another Python program.

For example

• os
• sys
• math
• random
• data time
• JSON

PIPis a package manager for Python and is included by default with the Python installer. It helps to install and uninstall Python packages (such as Django!). For the rest of the installation, we’ll use pip to install Python packages from the command line.